TEORIA DE LAMARCK
Lamarck había advertido una clara relación entre los fósiles y los organismos modernos. A partir de estas observaciones dedujo que los fósiles más recientes estaban emparentados con los organismos modernos. Esbozó una teoría de la evolución biológica que se puede sintetizar como sigue:
Lamarck había advertido una clara relación entre los fósiles y los organismos modernos. A partir de estas observaciones dedujo que los fósiles más recientes estaban emparentados con los organismos modernos. Esbozó una teoría de la evolución biológica que se puede sintetizar como sigue:
- los individuos cambian físicamente durante su vida para adaptarse al medio que habitan;
- los organismos adquieren caracteres que no tenían sus progenitores. Estos cambios o caracteres adquiridos se deben al uso o desuso de sus órganos;
- los caracteres adquiridos se transmiten por herencia biológica a sus descendientes
- la sucesión de cambios adaptativos muestra una tendencia hacia complejidad y la perfección.
(English)
LAMARCK'S THEORY
Lamarck had noticed a clear relationship between fossil and modern organisms. From these observations concluded that the most recent fossils were related to modern organisms. He outlined a theory of biological evolution can be summarized as follows:• individuals change physically during his life to adapt to the environment they live;• agencies had acquired characters not their parents. These changes or acquired characteristics are due to the use or disuse of organs;• acquired characteristics are transmitted by heredity to their offspring• the sequence of adaptive changes shows a tendency toward complexity and perfection.Lamarck's theory was strongly criticized by the scientific community of his time, mainly by Cuvier, who, besides being an eminent scientist, he served as Inspector General of Education in France. This and his contemporaries insisted that the species had been independently created and were immutable. To prove it, made several experiments. One of them was to amputate the tail of mice, even after 20 generations have been subjected to such change, produced offspring with tail. In other words, showed that the characters acquired by interaction with the environment (such as loss of tail) is not transmitted by heredity. In this, the vision of Lamarck, based on the process of inheritance of acquired characteristics was not appropriate, but the general intuition that species evolve was correct.
LAMARCK'S THEORY
Lamarck had noticed a clear relationship between fossil and modern organisms. From these observations concluded that the most recent fossils were related to modern organisms. He outlined a theory of biological evolution can be summarized as follows:• individuals change physically during his life to adapt to the environment they live;• agencies had acquired characters not their parents. These changes or acquired characteristics are due to the use or disuse of organs;• acquired characteristics are transmitted by heredity to their offspring• the sequence of adaptive changes shows a tendency toward complexity and perfection.Lamarck's theory was strongly criticized by the scientific community of his time, mainly by Cuvier, who, besides being an eminent scientist, he served as Inspector General of Education in France. This and his contemporaries insisted that the species had been independently created and were immutable. To prove it, made several experiments. One of them was to amputate the tail of mice, even after 20 generations have been subjected to such change, produced offspring with tail. In other words, showed that the characters acquired by interaction with the environment (such as loss of tail) is not transmitted by heredity. In this, the vision of Lamarck, based on the process of inheritance of acquired characteristics was not appropriate, but the general intuition that species evolve was correct.